Most pressure tanks come already pre set, this is usually to between psi kpa — kpa. With normal house pressure pumps, the operating pressure of these is usually between kpa and kpa and they shut off at a maximum of kpa. Because of all this, a good rule of thumb for your house pump tank is psi kpa. Once it reaches the off pressure of the switch the pump turns off and the pressure starts to drop. The pressure then will rapidly drop in the pipes to the on pressure and the pump starts again.
As the tap is flowing only a fixed amount, then the pump will keep doing this over and over, this is known as cycling. The rapid turning on and off is not good for electric motors, uses a lot of electricity and causes large fluctuations in the pressure which can be annoying.
Cycling is even more important when the pump is a submersible bore pump as these are recommended to only start times in a 24 hour period, if it is not controlled, permanent damage can be done to the motor.
You install a pressure tank anywhere on the delivery or pressurised side of a system. All pressure pump systems need a check valve or 1 way valve installed in the pipework. This can be installed on the suction side as a foot valve or on the pump inlet or just after the pump on the outlet.
The check valve stops water flowing backwards and the pressure dropping when the pumps turns off. This allows a pressure pump to build up pressure and let the automatic switch turn it off. A pressure tank can be installed anywhere after this check valve. This means that when all the taps in the system are shut, then the pressure in the system builds.
When the water pressure in the system builds to beyond the air pressure sored in the tank, then the air starts to compress and the water fills up the wet side of the tank.
Once the wet side of the tank has compressed the air as much as it can, then the pressure builds a little bit more and then switches off.
You simply cut in a T piece or a tapping saddle into the outlet pipework and have a pipe or a piece of pressure hose across to the inlet of the tank. Some tanks up to about 15L are OK to mount on the pipe or on top of the pump. Once they get beyond this size, they usually have to be mounted on a base and most of the time they actually come with a base. Pressure tanks are a cheap, simple and effective piece of gear that will help protect your pump and provide you with a good constant pressure and flow of water for whatever application you need.
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