Brazos County is a wonderful place to live and work. Budget Adoption. Justice Web. Tax Rate Information. Quick Resources. Road Notifications Map. Financial Reports and Budgets. Court Dockets. Staff Directory. Tax Payment. Burn Ban Status. Open Records Requests. Stay informed with Brazos County. Population growth continued at a more modest rate in the next few decades, reaching 13, in and 16, in The Black population of the county increased more rapidly than the White, growing from 3, in to 6, in In the number of African Americans reached 8,, and for the only time in its history the county had a Black majority.
Beginning in the s substantial numbers of Germans , Austrians , and Czechs Bohemians migrated to the county, and Italians began arriving in the s. In the county population reached 18, Of the 10, White residents that year, 1,, or 14 percent, were foreign born, including from Italy, from Germany, and from Bohemia. Settlement and economic growth were hastened in the county by transportation developments in the last decades of the nineteenth century.
In the s the Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railway built through the southern part of the county and the Hearne and Brazos Valley Railway built through the northwest. In the last decades of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth century cotton increasingly dominated county agriculture. Acres planted with cotton grew from 28, in to almost 44, in and to an all-time high of 72,, about a third of all improved acres in the county, in About half the cotton acreage was usually allotted to corn, the second major crop in the county.
The county also followed the general Southern pattern of large numbers of small farms, many of them worked by tenants and sharecroppers. The number of farms increased from in to 1, in and 2, in In , of the 2, farms in the county, 1,, or 60 percent, were worked by tenants and sharecroppers.
Black farmers were much less likely to own land than their White counterparts. In more than half of the White farmers owned their own farms, while only 20 percent of Black farmers were owners. In the number of farms reached a peak of 3,, and the number of tenant farmers reached its zenith at 1,, or 64 percent.
As a percentage of the total cropland harvested, cotton land probably reached its peak in , when more than 64, of the 88, acres harvested was used to grow cotton. Thereafter, county farming began to change in response to changing technologies and opportunities. During the Great Depression much of the rural workforce left the county to seek work in the cities of Texas or left the state entirely. By the number of farms had fallen to 1,, comparable to the number of farms back in Mechanized farming began in the bottomlands of the county along the rivers in the late s and slowly spread to other parts of the county.
With the loss of even more of the rural labor supply after World War II , farmers consolidated their holdings and turned to tractors, mechanical cotton harvesters, and other machines to work their fields.
During the twentieth century, Bryan and College Station played an increasingly important role in the life of the county. After its founding as a railroad town in , Bryan slowly grew to a community of 3, in , when approximately one-fifth of county residents lived there.
Both communities grew steadily, and by they had a combined population of 14,; at that time more than half of the county population lived in the two communities. As the county population continued to grow—to 38, in , 57, in and 93, in —the urban population continued to grow both absolutely and with relation to the rural population. In the 81, inhabitants of Bryan-College Station were 87 percent of the residents of Brazos County. Significant industries that developed in the two-city area in the later twentieth century included defense electronics and varied manufacturing.
At the same time that the county was becoming more urban, the building of a network of rural roads in the s and s transformed the Brazos County countryside. As late as the great majority of the county's farms, 2, of 2,, were located on dirt roads. Twenty years later only were still on dirt roads. Similarly, though only forty-eight farms had electricity in , rural electrification brought power to most of the county's farms by the early s.
By the mid-twentieth century, county farmers had increasingly turned away from the old agricultural staples of corn and cotton and had moved on to cattle ranching. In the s cotton was generally grown on approximately 12, acres, only 15 percent of the acreage used for cotton in The number of cattle in the county increased from 25, in to 42, in and fluctuated between 45, and 57, through the s. As part of the shift to cattle, feed crops of hay, oats, and wheat became more important in the county in the decades following Oil, first discovered in the county in , became an important part of the county economy in the s, and by a total of 73,, barrels had been produced.
Almost 2,, barrels of oil and 6,, cubic feet of gas-well gas were produced in the county in ; by the end of that year ,, barrels of oil had been taken from county lands since In , 67 percent of the land was in farms and ranches, with 18 percent of the farmland under cultivation and 20 percent irrigated.
Bryan Hotels College Station Hotels. First called Navasota, changed to Brazos after two rivers on county's boundaries. Organized in , with Boonville as county seat; Bryan county seat since Area originally included in Stephen F.
Austin's Second Colony, Became a part of the Washington municipality, , under the Mexican government. First railroad reached Millican in University opened,
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